miss - 1688 Words

P2– Identify the process and assessment tools involved in planning support for individuals with different needs who use social services M2- Describe how three key professionals could be involved in planning support for individuals. In this assignment I will be identifying the processed and assessment tools involved in planning support for individuals with different needs who use social service. I will also be describing how three key professionals could be involved in planning support for individuals. The first stage in the cycle of assessment and planning is the referral in which either the individual or a professional refers you to a specialist. E.g. Physiotherapist or counsellor. The holistic assessment includes assessing the†¦show more content†¦The GP has the responsibility to ensure that Mr Farsal is not in harm’s way and guarantee treatments for Mr Farsal’s physical dilemmas until he has fully recovered from them. Moreover, the GP should ensure that Mr Farsal is aware of the treatments that he will be receiving, what it does and what it is for. Furthermore, Mr Farsal’s GP must ensure that his holistic needs are fully met. Secondly, the second key profession that is involved in planning the support for Mr. Farsal is his social worker. The social worker will help Mr Farsal’s intellectual needs, social needs as well as physical needs. Mr Farsal’s social worker must ensure that his rights are fully met. Mr Farsal’s social worker must ensure that he/she provides the essential support needed in order for Mr Farsal to go about his daily life. For example, taking him to a place of worship, the library and barriers he may face at home like climbing up the stairs, changing his clothes etc. Furthermore, a counsellor working with Mr Farsal may empower him in to taking decisions Mr. Farsal may need counselling as he may be struggling with his emotions. He may even be traumatised by the accident he was in. Mr Farsal’s counsellor would encourage him to socialise and confide in individuals he can trust. Mr FarsalShow MoreRelatedMiss Brill5112 Words   |  21 PagesStylistic Analysis of â€Å"Miss Brill† by Katherine Mansfield Shenli Song College of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang Gongshang University Office of Foreign Language College at Zhejiang Gongshang University Xia Sha City-University-Town, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China E-mail: windyforever@gmail.com Abstract Katherine Mansfield, remembered as one of the finest writers of English short stories, enjoys enduring fame and a somewhat awesome literary status with her short stories, Miss Brill as one of her representativeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Miss Julie 1264 Words   |  6 Pagesthings as they actual exists† (Google). In Miss Julie written by August Strindberg, this play displayed his attempt at representing realism. 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Well, what if your fur piece talks back? In Katherine Mansfields short story, Miss Brill, it is a quickly established fact that Miss Brill has an odd relationship with her fur necklet (440). But it is the authors descriptive use of symbolism that provides a deeper understanding of Miss Brills personality. Katherine Mansfield creates the woman in the ermine toque (441)Read More Values of Miss America Pageant Essay2461 Words   |  10 PagesShe’s intelligence and humility. She’s fair and honesty. She’s Miss United States. These are not the lyrics to the song that is played after a contestant wins the ever-so coveted crown. These are not lyrics to any song at all actually. But why not? Aren’t those all attributes most people yearn for? While of course these characteristics are things everyone tries to perfect throughout their lifetime, this is not the focal point of the Miss America pageant . 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The Hero And The Crown Part Two Chapter 19 Free Essays

THE STAIRS WENT UP and up in a long slow spiral, and Aerin followed, turning round and round till it seemed to her she must be climbing the well of the sky and at the end of the staircase she would step onto the moon’s cold surface and look down, far away, upon the green earth. For a little while she could hear her friends, who waited restlessly at the foot of the stair; once she heard the thinnest thread of a whine, but that was all. None tried to follow her. We will write a custom essay sample on The Hero And The Crown Part Two Chapter 19 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Then she could no longer hear anything but the soft sound of her footsteps and the occasional slow stutter of a guttering flame. Her legs ached with climbing, and her back ached with tension, and her neck ached with keeping her head tipped up to look at the endless staircase; and her mind ached with thoughts she dared not think. Daylight had disappeared long since, had gone with the last sounds of her beasts; the light in her eyes was red. In the edges of her vision she saw gaping black doors that led into chambers she would not imagine, let alone turn her gaze to see; and sometimes the soft noise of her footsteps echoed strangely on a stair that opened into such a room. The silence weighed her down; the air grew heavier with every step up. She recognized the weight, though she had never felt it thus before: evil. Maur’s breath had stunk of evil, and its words had set evil tracks in her mind; but she had faced Maur on the earth and under the sky, not in a dark endless airless tower. She struggled on. With each step she felt her ankles and shinbones jar against the floor, and tendons grate across her kneecaps, the heavy thigh muscles twist and curl, her hips grind in their sockets. Her right ankle began to ache. She was still carrying the surka wreath, and as she thought of Maur she remembered the red stone she had taken with her from its ashes, and remembered that she carried the stone even now. She had a moment’s cold dread, wondering if she were carrying her own betrayal into Agsded’s lair; but she put her hand into the breast of her tunic, and drew out the little soft pouch where the stone lay. The stone was hot to the touch when she let it fall into her palm from the pouch, and it seemed to writhe in her fingers; she almost dropped it, but she thought of spiders and surka leaves, and held on; then shook it back into its pouch, and curled her fingers around it._ Still she climbed, but she no longer felt alone. Evil was with her; red evil shone in her eyes, rode on her shoulders, harried her heels; waited in the dark doorways where she would not look, fell like ash and rose like smoke from the torches. Evil was all around her, and it watched her, eyelessly, watched for her first stumble. Still the stairs rose before her, and still her weary legs carried her up; she wondered how many days she had spent climbing stairs, and if her army had disbanded by now, and she worried about Talat, who was wearing his saddle and gear. She should have remembered to strip it off before she entered the dark tower. The red light throbbed in time to her own pulse; she panted in a rhythm begun by its fluctuations; the sweat that ran into her eyes was red, and it burned. And now she had something else to worry about, for where she had touched the tender skin of her throat with her surka-sticky fingers when she pulled at the thong that held the dragon stone’s pouch, it burned too. But its throb had nothing to do with the tower. It throbbed angrily and self-consciously, and her mind was distracted enough to think, This is typical. On my way to gods know what unspeakable doom, and I break out in a rash. But it lightened the evil a little; she did not notice this as such, only that she toiled on in a slightly better spirit. Idly she pulled one end of her collar loose and pressed it against the surka rash, which didn’t help at all. Up. And still up. Everything ached; it was impossible to tell the leg cramps from the headache any more; the only thing about her that still bore any individuality was the surka rash on her chest, which was spreading. Up. She had been climbing forever; she would be climbing forever. She would be a new god: the God That Climbs. It was no more improbable than some of the other gods: the God That Isn’t There, for example (more often known as the God That Follows or the God That Goes Before), which was the shadow-god at midday. The rash had also begun to itch, and she had to curl her surka-stained fingers into fists to stop herself from scratching the too sensitive skin on her neck and chest. And still she climbed. The heat in the red stone now beat at one hand even through the pouch; and the crisp leaves of the surka pinched the fingers of the other hand. When she came to the top she did not believe it. She stood dumbly, looking at the black hallway before her, opening from a black doorway like all the other doorways she had straitly passed on her long spiral ascent; but now the stairs were ended, and she must cross this threshold or turn around and go back. There were no torches lighting this hall; the last of them threw their shadows at her from half a dozen steps below. And suddenly those shadows flickered, though there was no draught, and she knew there was something on the stairs behind her, and she plunged forward into the darkness. She would have said she had no strength left for running, but she did run. Gonturan banging painfully against her ankle, although her feet were numb with climbing. Then she saw that the hall was quite short, for the blackness before her was that of double doors, their frames edged with the thinnest line of red light; and she stopped abruptly a few strides from them, her muscles quivering and her knees threatening to dump her full length on the floor for the thing coming up the stairs to find. She leaned against the outer edge of one door, her back to the narrow wall where it joined the corridor wall; her breath whined in her throat. Thank Luthe for the thoroughness of my cure, she thought as she felt the thick air surging into the bottom of her chest, being hurled out again, and a fresh lungful captured. The rash on her chest throbbed with extra enthusiasm as she panted, and the skin above her ribcage had to heave and subside more quickly. Well, thorough about the important thing, she amended. Luthe. She had not thought of him, had not quite said his name even in the dimmest, most private recesses of her mind, since she had left him. She had said she would come back to him. Her breathing eased; even the evil air seemed to taste less foul. Luthe. She looked down the hallway, but saw nothing coming toward her. Perhaps it is Nothing, she thought. Perhaps that is what follows here. She looked down at her hands. She could not open the doors behind her – supposing they opened in the usual fashion – with both hands full. She knelt down, kicking the tip of Gonturan to one side so she jammed up into a corner and gave Aerin’s armpit a sharp poke with her hilt, and put the hidden stone and the green wreath on the stone floor. Slowly she upended the leather bag, and the hot red stone spilled out, burning in its own light, long red tongues of that light snaking down the corridor and up the walls. It made her dizzy. She prodded the wreath and made a small hollow in the twined stems, hastily picked up the stone as it tried to scorch her fingers, and dropped it in. It sizzled and hissed, but the surka seemed to quench it, and the red light subsided. Aerin pulled the leaves back over it again, shook the wreath to be sure it could not fall out, and stood up. By the wings of the mother of all horses, her rash would drive her mad soon. She rubbed it helplessly, the heel of her hand chafing it against the inside of her shirt, and it responded gleefully by feeling as if it had caught fire; but as she dropped her hand again and then tried to bow her shoulders so that her shirt and tunic would fall away from the infected skin, she stopped thinking about what might be creeping up the stairs behind her. Bowing her shoulders did no good either. Irritably she turned to face the door, her free hand pressed flat against her chest again with shirt and tunic between; and pushed at the doors with the hand that held the surka. The leaves rasped against the inside edge of the doors, and the doors exploded. There was a roar like all the thunder gods came down off their mountain to howl simultaneously in her ears; and winds spun around her like endless spiral staircases, bruising her with their edges. There was torn redness before her eyes, rent with blackness, clawed with white and yellow; she felt that her eyes would be hammered out of their sockets. She staggered forward, still clutching the wreath, the hand that held it outstretched. She could not see floor nor walls nor ceiling, nor anything; only the shards of color, like mad rags of cloth streaming past. Her other hand fell to Gonturan’s hilt, though she knew she hadn’t a chance of drawing her in this vortex of storm; still it gave comfort to clutch at her. The wind lifted her entirely off her feet for a moment and dropped her again and she stumbled and almost fell, and so the wind seized her yet again and threw her to one side, and only luck let her fall feet first the second time. This will not do, she thought, and braced herself as best she could. I’ll probably lose her – and with a wild heave she pulled Gonturan free of her scabbard. Blue fire blazed up and whirled around her, and the winds and thunders backed off. Aerin gave Gonturan an experimental swoop, and she sang, a shrill grim note, and the shards of red and black and claws of yellow and white disappeared into shadows and became a floor and five red walls and a ceiling overhead with things painted on it, fell things of red and black, with fangs and yellow claws. And at the far end of the chamber stood a man dressed in white, with a red sword girt at his side, and she knew him at once, for she had seen his face often enough in her mirror. She opened her mouth, but no words came out. He laughed, her own laugh, but greater, deeper, with terrible echoes that made tangled harmonies, and those harmonies found the places in her own mind that she had never looked into, that by their existence had long frightened her; that she had hoped always to be able to ignore. The air reeled over her in thick waves, and Gonturan’s blue fire dimmed and flickered as her hand trembled. â€Å"Well met, sister’s daughter,† he said. His voice was low and soft and courteous; a thoughtful, philosophical, wise, and kindly voice, a voice anyone might trust; a voice nothing like Aerin’s own. â€Å"Not well met,† Aerin said at last in a strangled voice, which seemed to cut ugly holes in the air currents between them, which destroyed the harmonies that still hummed in her mind; but by the sound of her own voice she felt she had lost something treasured and beautiful that might have forever been hers. â€Å"Not well met. You killed my mother and you would kill my people and my country.† He raised his shoulders, and his white robe rippled and fell in long graceful folds that glinted softly, like the petals of spring flowers. His hazel eyes blinked gently at her; her own eyes, but larger and set more deeply beneath a higher brow. â€Å"And why, my dear, should you care? You never met your mother, so you cannot miss her. I may have done you a favor; many daughters would be glad to have escaped the tender ministrations of their mothers. â€Å"And when has your land ever cared for you?† His voice sank lower yet, purring, and he smiled Aerin’s own smile. â€Å"They call you witch’s daughter – and so you are, and more, for your mother might have been given the mage mark had she not fled too soon – and they should revere you for it. But in their small vicious way they choose to revile you. â€Å"Your father is kind – why should he not be? You have never been any trouble – you have never demanded your rightful place as his daughter and his only child; and lately you have been of some small use, slaying dragons, so that he need not send out his valuable men on so inglorious a task. You have kept to the shadows, and he has let you stay there, and has done nothing to deny his people’s voices when they whisper, witchwoman’s daughter. â€Å"And Tor?† He chuckled. â€Å"Honest Tor. He loves you, you know. You know that. So does everyone. They all say that you are your mother’s daughter – I think even the worthy Arlbeth wonders just a little, sometimes – and your mother was a witch; never forget that. Tor himself is, of course, not in a position to do much thinking about this. And as you are your mother’s daughter, even when you do not remember it †¦ † He smiled her smile at her again, but it seemed very full of teeth. â€Å"No,† said Aerin; it was almost a shriek. Gonturan wavered in her hand. â€Å"But yes. And think of who accompanied you to this fateful meeting. Do you come with your father’s finest cavalry? Do you come at least with a troop of well-meaning if inexperienced men? Why, no – you come without even the lowliest Damarian foot soldier, without even a ragged village brat to shine your boots. You come at all only because you escaped, like a prisoner, from the City which ought to be yours to command. You come draggle-tailed, with wild beasts of the hills, riding an old lame horse who should have been mercifully killed years ago.† He seemed to have some trouble saying the word â€Å"mercifully†: it was as if his teeth got in his way. Aerin shook her head dumbly. His words buzzed in her ears like insects waiting to sting her; and the terrible harmonies of his laugh bit deeper into her each time she moved. If only her chest didn’t itch so; it was hard to concentrate on anything through the itching; it was worse even than the headache. He was talking about Talat, poor patient Talat, waiting for her while his saddle galled him; grey horses often had oversensitive skin. If she had been born a horse she would undoubtedly have been grey. Her chest felt like it no longer had skin on it at all; perhaps it was being torn by those red-and-black creatures with the claws. The low murmuring buzzing voice went on. â€Å"And Luthe.† The voice paused a moment. â€Å"I knew Luthe very well once.† Even through the gentle gracious melody of that voice she heard the malice behind it when it spoke Luthe’s name; she was only too well aware of malice, for it was eating a hole in her breastbone now. Furthermore, it was her own voice she listened to, for all its beauty, and she knew, when it roughened, where the roughness came from. â€Å"Luthe, who doesn’t dare leave his mountain any more. Little Luthe, never one of Goriolo’s favorite pupils, for he was always a little slow – although he sometimes disguised this rather cleverly, I must admit, with his own unique style of obstinacy.† Do you think I like sending a child to a doom like this, one I know I cannot myself face? It was as though she were hearing the words for the first time, so loudly did they crash in her ears; Luthe’s voice was not mellifluous, like her red-haired uncle’s; Luthe’s voice was raw and angry, like the spot on her chest. â€Å"Luthe, and his games with children, for children’s games were as much as he was capable – â€Å" â€Å"Now that,† Aerin said quite clearly and calmly, â€Å"is nonsense. If you can do no better than cheap insults, then the prophecy over-estimates you. I shall tell Luthe that he could have met you himself.† â€Å"The prophecy!† howled Agsded; and he seemed to grow till he towered over her, his robes billowing, his hair red as fire; and dimly Aerin thought. His hair is the color mine used to be before Maur burned most of it off. My hair isn’t that color any more. Agsded reached for his sword, and Aerin raised Gonturan again and shook her, and blue fire ran down her edge and over Aerin’s hand and wrist, and onto the floor; and where it touched, cracks appeared, and ran in tiny rays in all directions. â€Å"You may be right about Tor and my father,† Aerin went on conversationally. â€Å"You may even be right about me. But you are wrong about Luthe.† The red sword whipped out of its scabbard and flew at her, but Gonturan flashed to stop it, and where the blades crashed together more blue fire dripped and splashed, and there was another series of small star-shaped cracks in the floor. â€Å"Fool,† boomed Agsded’s voice, and it was velvety no longer. â€Å"Fool. The prophecy said that only one of my blood may face me, and so you have come this far; but your Damarian blood cannot stand against the one who wears the Hero’s Crown.† Aerin raised her eyes to his forehead, and where she had not seen it before, the dull grey circlet that was Damar’s dearest prize and treasure was bound closely to his brows. She could not help the shudder that ran through her, for what he said was true. Luthe, she thought, you should have come with me; you could have been the un-Damarian half. The red sword bit at her again, and again Gonturan pulled her arm into place in time to deflect it. Yet even as death awaited her so near she could see its red jaws opening, her clearest thought was still a desperate desire to find a way to make her chest stop itching. I wonder if one can still itch if one is dead, she thought; and her arm jerked once more as Gonturan parried another slash. But the red sword almost broke through her guard, and her arm seemed suddenly weak; and she did not know if it was the fact of her opponent’s wearing the Crown, or only her knowledge of the fact; and her eyes were drawn up again to his forehead. But she could not bear to look at that face for long, her own face, with wide mad green eyes, and hair red as fire. †¦ My hair is not that color any more, she told herself, and my eyes are not those eyes, and I am not the man before me. I am not he, she thought; my mother fled him as I now face him, for what he is and we are not. And yet she wa s grateful that she could not look often into the face which was not hers, for she must watch the flicker of the red sword. â€Å"Who taught you swordplay?† thundered Agsded. â€Å"No mortal can best me.† And the red sword looked like seven swords as it swooped down on her again; and yet Gonturan was seven swords in return, and struck them all away. I’m afraid you are no longer quite mortal – mortal, Aerin thought. She laughed, and the red blade wavered when she laughed; perhaps the laugh of his sister’s daughter echoed in Agsded’s brain as horribly as his did in Aerin’s. And as the red blade hesitated, Gonturan struck Agsded’s shoulder. An inhuman scream went up, from the red mage or from the blue sword, Aerin could not tell; and then Agsded’s sword came for her again, more swiftly than before, and Aerin could not even follow with her eyes as the two swords caught at each other, thrust and slammed and were hurled apart. â€Å"My Damarian blood,† she panted, â€Å"uncle, is not so cursed as you think; for I have swum in the Lake of Dre ams, and I – am – no – longer – quite – mortal.† â€Å"It will avail you naught,† he cried, and leaped back, and threw up his hands; and fire leaped up all around him. Fire. Real fire; red and orange, with hot thick smoke, and bright terrible arms that reached out for her. Aerin quailed, and there was no black cat nor white horse to help her. This fire was no mage illusion; she could smell it, and the heat of it beat against her face; and again Gonturan’s blue fire flickered and dulled in her hand. Agsded laughed; and within the ring of fire he thrust his sword back into his belt and crossed his arms. â€Å"Well? Fire may still burn those who are – no – longer – quite – mortal.† He laughed again, and Aerin flinched from his voice even as from the licking flames; and the grey Crown was red in the firelight. Someday, she thought tiredly, I must learn to go forward of my own free will. If only my horrible chest would let me think clearly. She raised Gonturan, and the blue fire cascaded over her; it was cool against her face. She closed her eyes – closing my eyes is stupid, she thought – and jumped into the fire. It hissed and roared around her, but she ran forward and opened her eyes, and her uncle was just a little late pulling his sword free again, and Gonturan rose for a slash at his neck, the cut she had missed the last time. This time the blade ran true, and struck him squarely. And bounced off with a harsh ugly sound, and with a nick in her edge; and the recoil was such that she twisted out of Aerin’s grasp and fell to the fiery floor, and Aerin fell with her. â€Å"I am not precisely mortal either,† said Agsded, and grinned his grin again; and Aerin, looking up at the red sword that was about to sink into her, thought, I imagine I’ll be mortal enough when struck through the heart; I wonder what mage trick it is he uses – or perhaps it’s because he’s wearing the Crown. And because she had nothing else left to do, and because she was still holding the wreath in her other hand, she threw it at him. He screamed. It was a scream that cut across all the senses, sight and touch and taste and smell as well as hearing; it was a scream sharper than any sword and as bitter as hatred, as fierce as a hunting folstza and as implacable as winter. Aerin had only the dimmest recollection, through the scream, of the surka wreath touching his face, falling over his head to ring his shoulders; of the dragon stone shining as brilliantly red as Agsded’s sword had been, but which now turned to the dull rusted color of old blood; of a smaller fire, within the ring of fire, rising around Agsded higher and higher till he disappeared from view, as the fire he had thrown between himself and Aerin sank and darkened and died; and still the scream went on. Aerin staggered to her feet, and found that she was clutching Gonturan with both hands; and that the palm of one was wet with her own blood where she had seized unwarily at Gonturan’s edge; and that her hands and arms glowed blue, and as s he bent her head the hair that fell forward around her face was also blue, and when she looked down, her boots were blue, and there was a pool of blue spreading around them, and as the blue widened so did the tiny hairline cracks in the floor, which spread and crackled and sputtered as she looked, with Agsded’s scream still beating at her. Then the scream and the short sharp sounds the floor was making rose together in a tumultuous roar, and the stones on which Aerin stood gave way, and she fell, and saw the walls toppling in on her. It would be pleasant to faint at this point, she thought, but she didn’t, and she continued to clutch Gonturan, but she shifted the bloody hand to join the other on the hilt. When I land, she thought, I will fall over and cut myself in half on my own sword; but the fall may already have killed me. The sound of the mountain tower falling was so loud she could no longer make room for her thoughts, and so she gave up thinking and blackness hu rtled past her, and heavy fragments of that blackness fell with her but did not touch her, and she wondered if she might fall forever, as she had climbed, and thus perhaps become the God That Falls, or perhaps the God That Climbs and Falls. Then there was a shock, but to her feet or her skull or only her mind she did not know; whatever part of her was struck staggered, and she shook herself, and discovered that it was her head she was shaking, and then she blinked her eyes and looked up, and realized that she saw sunlight leaking through cracks as though through the ruined wails of an ancient building. At the same time that her confused eyes and brain figured out the sunlight she also realized that her feet were standing on something, that she hadn’t chopped herself in two by landing on Gonturan, and that she was no longer falling. She took a hesitant step, for she could see very little, and small pieces of rubble crunched and scattered under her feet. The pile of fragments teetered and threatened to spill her into the bottomless blackness again. There is no sense in taking my luck for granted, she told herself sternly, and resheathed Gonturan, gave an absent rub at her chest, and then stood still, blinking, till her eyes began to readjust to simple things like daylight, and stone walls with cracks in them. How to cite The Hero And The Crown Part Two Chapter 19, Essay examples

Finance and Accounting for Managers Growth of the Business Organizati

Question: Discuss about theFinance and Accounting for Managers forGrowth of the Business Organization Answer: Developing a perfect budget would assist the management to create a pre-determined operating strategy for the growth of the business organization. As such, I would not agree with the notion that developing a budget is a waste of time. According to Bierman and Smidt (2012), budget ensures that there are enough funds to cater to the daily operational activities of the business. A budget plan shall be able to assist the business organization. The budget is a significant part of the operational policies of a business enterprise (Gonalves 2014). A budget plan would ensure that the business organization shall have enough internal financing and would not have to bother with external financing of the organization. The value of budgeting in the business organization can be assessed through its financial expenditures in the business enterprise. According to Dellavigna and Pollet (2013), the budget statement reflects the operational and the financial operations of the business enterprise. Thus, the budgeting guidelines in the organization shall have a large influence on the operational and the financial operations of the business. In this regard, Gonalves (2014) noted that the budget helps in predicting the future financial condition of the business. Therefore, it can be said that the budgeting requirements also relates to the financial expenditures of the business entity. As such, the brand has to be required in maintaining the budgeting techniques of the business organization. In this regard, it can be said that a budget plans assists the business enterprise in the following ways: Facts: Budgets assist the business enterprise to present the facts in an essential manner to depict the operational and the financial operations of the business enterprise in the future accounting period (Bierman and Smidt 2012). The facts of the budget also state the necessary financial and the operational needs of the business organization. Restrictive Expenditures: The budget prepares a guideline that restricts the operational expenses of the business enterprise. The restricted capital required by the business enterprise would enable the business enterprise to strengthen the financial resources of the business enterprise. Future Financial Plan- Gtze et al. (2015) mentioned that the financial plan prepared by the business enterprise would assist the business enterprise to execute their operations in a pre-planned manner. The future financial plans shall also include the existing financial condition of the business enterprise Considerations- The considerations would include the software resources of the organization for assessing the accounting and the financial resources of the business enterprise. As such, the software budget shall have the budgeting module to assess data as per the expenses in the business enterprise. Roberts and Michael (2013) mentioned that the use of information technology has been useful in determining the budget of the organization, thereby, reducing the time and the effort that would be required in preparing the budget manually. The consideration also reflects in identifying the discrepancies in the budget. As such, the budget would be able to identify the future operational expenses of the budget and therefore be able to create a structured plan for the organization. References Bierman Jr, H. and Smidt, S., 2012.The capital budgeting decision: economic analysis of investment projects. Routledge. Dellavigna, S. and Pollet, J.M., 2013. Capital budgeting versus market timing: An evaluation using demographics. The Journal of Finance, 68(1), pp.237-270. Gonalves, S., 2014. The effects of participatory budgeting on municipal expenditures and infant mortality in Brazil.World Development,53, pp.94-110. Gtze, U., Northcott, D. and Schuster, P., 2015. Capital Budgeting and Investment Decisions. In Investment Appraisal (pp. 3-26). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Roberts, D. and Michael, R., 2013. Topic 6: Investment Decisions and Capital Budgeting.

To What Extent Is There a Democratic Deficit in the Uk free essay sample

The most telling indicator of there being a democratic deficit in the UK today is the continuing decline of voter turnout at all elections for the past 60 years. There is a growing level of general apathy towards political issues in the UK which is not just damaging to the health of a democracy but fatal. The government requires a mandate to govern, if they do not achieve popular consent then how are they representative of the people? The last three general elections have yielded voter turnout of around 60 – 65% of the electorate, leaving a significant proportion of people who chose not to exercise their democratic right to vote. At the European Parliament elections turnout has been far lower with the last three elections yielding 24 – 39% of voters turning up to cast their ballot. The recent Police Crime Commissioner (PCC) elections have produced the lowest ever turnouts in the UK with just 14. 9%. The Prime Minister said that the PCC’s have a mandate; although it was only the turnout that was 14. We will write a custom essay sample on To What Extent Is There a Democratic Deficit in the Uk? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page % so many PCC’s will be governing with less than 10% of the vote. This incredibly low turnout illustrates just how apathetic people have become in regards to British politics, but there is also the matter of spoiled ballot papers. The total number of votes was 344,213 (excluding spoilt ballots) with the number of spoiled votes standing at more than 120,000. That means over a quarter of people who turned up to the polling stations did so for the sole purpose of spoiling the paper. The fact that people would take time out of their lives specifically to undermine the democratic process shows just how much of a democratic deficit exists in the UK. People have become so disillusioned with traditional democracy in the UK they resort to methods such as spoiling the ballot paper to tell the government that the people will not stand for it, that voting doesn’t work, that all politicians are in it for themselves. The 2009 Parliamentary expenses scandal shocked voters with the scale of MP’s dishonesty with taxpayer’s money. Those in power felt that they were beyond reproach and despite the sudden change of heart many MP’s had over claiming expenses when the scandal came to light there are still those today that claim in excess of ? 60,000 per year. The mainstream political parties do not represent the views of many and the small parties that do will never gain power under the unfair FPTP system. People have resorted to campaigns such as the worldwide occupy movement that gained mass media coverage with their camp outside St. Paul’s Cathedral, or the vigilante hacker group Anonymous who attack what they perceive to be unjust areas of the government. It is not just a minority of extremists who are partaking in these activities; their members are those who have been pushed to the side lines by the vast democratic deficit in the UK which has forced the common man without a voice to shout at the government via unorthodox and sometimes illegal means. Of course we mustn’t forget that not everyone can vote in the British system of democracy. The Justice Secretary Chris Grayling holds the view of many in his party and others across the political spectrum over the debate on whether or not to extend the franchise to all. He told his fellow MP’s that they had the power to â€Å"legislate contrary to fundamental principles of human rights†. The right to vote is absolutely essential to any democracy and yet the government fears what would happen if they finally gave the right to vote to all in the UK. One of the harsh realities of the criminal justice system is that miscarriages of justice are an everyday occurrence. Yearly over 770 convictions are overturned in the court of appeal and nearly 3,500 convictions quashed when the case proceeds from a magistrate court to a crown court. This shows just how broken the system is, and as well as being a human right giving prisoners the vote would help the government to get a better perspective on how to reform prisons to reform inmates. Membership of political parties has plummeted over the past 60 odd years and now just 1% of the population are members of a political party. This runs parallel with less people turning out to vote, it is plain that people do not want to get involved with political parties anymore. It is not that they no longer care about governance but that they feel that the system does not work for them and that it also does not allow reform to allow it to change into a free and fair way true democracy. The increased use of referendums in the UK can be hailed as a way of helping to combat the democratic deficit by giving power directly to the people on a single highly important issue. There have however only been 2 UK – wide referendums which shows that on matters of national importance the government is not quite as keen to hear everyone’s point of view. The electorate is rarely consulted directly via the use of referendums as opposed to more democratic countries such as Switzerland. On the rare occasion the government concedes and allow the voters a direct say, if they chose to do so they could ignore the result as referendums are not legally binding. Power rests with Parliament and although in theory our MP’s represent their constituents’ views the government is free to pursue its own agenda once it is in power. In the AV referendum of 2011 implementation of a voting system of proportional representation was rejected. The â€Å"No† campaign was fought using a mixture of scare tactics and lies and active participation in the vote was not readily encouraged by either of the two most powerful political parties as they would stand to lose a lot under a fairer voting system. The current system of FPTP ensures that an MP can be elected without a majority of votes which is highly undemocratic. Another undemocratic feature of British democracy that is having the status quo maintained is the unelected House of Lords. Only two countries in the world allow hereditary politicians – Lesotho and the United Kingdom. The elected representatives in the commons voted against further reform of the House of Lords despite polls continuously showing support for greater reform. From just this one example can it be said that MP’s are truly representing the people they are supposed to? It is possible that a significantly contributing factor of this democratic deficit is the lack of political education available. The average layman does not have time to thoroughly research political issues and will get their only political news from the Metro or Evening Standard, and if the Leveson report is implemented in full it would not be a far cry to the press no longer being free. The government should be spending a great amount of effort into educating the populace on political issues as â€Å"the ignorance of one voter in a democracy impairs the security of us all†. Whether intentionally or not by raising tuition fees to an inaccessible level the government has succeeded in preventing thousands of disadvantaged, but educated, students who would clamour for reform. Michael Gove has now changed the curriculum to allow citizenship lessons to be optional, thus removing all chances of political education whilst in compulsory schooling. Supporters of the UK as a thriving democracy would point to things such as devolution to say that the government is trying to be democratic and open. The devolved assemblies even use PR instead of FPTP and they give power to people locally. It is the same problem as with referendums, whatever the assemblies pass is not binding. Westminster grants power to these devolved areas whilst retaining the right to veto their decisions. If a government so wished they could abolish the devolved assemblies completely. Devolution is just another one of the way the government tries to appear democratic while not promoting democracy. Freedom of Information Requests (FOI) are in principle a brilliant thing as they promote transparency and accountability of the government and local authorities, but as with so many things they do not work in practice as they do in principle. In 2011 over 10,500 FOI requests were refused, so once again power remains firmly in the hands of those who hold it rather than the people. The government is only open about the things it wants to be, it still reserves the right to keep quiet. The democratic deficit is very real and present in the UK and it is greatly affecting democracy in this country. Unless the issues which are causing this deficit are directly addressed and soon this country could very easily turn into a â€Å"democratic dictatorship† although in many ways it already is with the sweeping powers the PM has or the lack of true accountability at all levels of government. A majority of people are disillusioned not with democracy but with the archaic British political system and this disillusionment could lead from the spoiling of ballot papers to something much more serious such as civil unrest as demonstrated by the nationwide riots last year.

Colonial Democratic Ties essays

Colonial Democratic Ties essays English colonies, often established for the soul purpose of expanding the kingdoms of their monarchs, spurred the beginning of American democracy ruled by the majority of the people. Democratic characteristics were augmented by the will of the people, in such places as Virginia and Massachusetts, to gain freedom from a single monarchist. Although there was evidence of an early democracy, the chains of the King that held the colonies together were not completely broken. The British colonies first indication of any legislature was in the Virginian colony of Jamestown. A group of men, usually over the age of 17, congregate at a church to discuss the political and economic issues of Jamestown. This assembly of men, named the House of Burgesses, was substantiation of an early representative government. There was a governor of the House of Burgesses that was elected by leaders of The Virginia Company in London, England. The governor then selected six supporting members that were important men in the colony to be his council. The other 15 members were assembled through the voting by the people of the Jamestown Colony as a whole. The Plymouth Colony, often called Americas Birthplace of Democracy, was not the first British colony, but it was one of the most significant. The Mayflower Compact, a written document signed by the pilgrims, pledged allegiance to the king of England but also established that the colony would govern by the will of the people, or the majority. This clearly shows that Plymouth was ran democratically. Democratic influence were definitely present in early English colonial society, but because the king of England ruled with the proverbial iron fist, there was an abstention from becoming a true democracy. Although such contractual agreements, such as the Mayflower Compact, and forms of legislation, like the House of Burgesses, had substantial qualities of a gov ...

Mobility Management for LTE-Advanced Relay Systems Research Paper

Mobility Management for LTE-Advanced Relay Systems - Research Paper Example These different technologies can cooperate together In order to improve the user’s quality of service and granting mobile users the ability of roaming across different wireless networks in a seamless manner. However, the different characteristics of each wireless technology with regards to QoS brought many challenges for provisioning the continuous services (e.g. audio/video streaming) in a seamless way. In such a heterogeneous environment, to support mobile user’s requirements, a mobility management mechanism is a key issue. Index Terms— Heterogeneous network, LTE-Advanced, Relay System, Vertical Handoff I. INTRODUCTION With the increase in demand and rapid development of wireless communication quality over the past 3 decades, the initial 1G has run into 4G with a high data rate and better mobility support. The 4G technique-International Mobile Telecommunications-Advanced (IMT-Advanced) systems include new capabilities that go significantly beyond those of the I MT-2000. Key requirements of the IMT Advanced systems, for instance, include improved mobility support and cell edge performance, increased spectral bandwidth and efficiency, reduced handover interruption time and reduced User plane latency and Control [1]. Considered as the main trend in future wireless communications, 3GPP LTE-Advanced has advanced features, for instance coordinated multipoint processing, carrier aggregation. It also considered as one of the top candidates towards achieving the IMT Advanced requirements. In 3GPP, high speed train scenario is agreed as the main scenario in Rel11 study item, mobile relay for E-UTRA. Here, when train rushes at a high speed the channel characteristics change and result in Doppler spread. Also the vehicles are vehicles are more crowded than other areas and therefore passengers are more likely to use high data rate services, for instance, browsing, playing games and watching videos so as to pass time [2]. The high data rate transmission requires strong signal strengths and high throughput, plus better mobility management, so mobile relay station for large vehicles are proposed for Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) system. A relay system may be mobile, which means it is a dedicated network node equipped on the vehicles to provide a fixed access link to those travelling on the vehicles. It is very suitable to solve the capacity gain of the high speed vehicles if it is well deployed. In a conventional cellular network, user equipment (UE) is connected directly to a Base Station (BS), and when a user moves away from the cell center, he/she will get less bandwidth which means lower data rates. However relaying technique has been introduced in 3GPP release 10 & 11 to allow establishing an indirect two-hop link between UE and BS through a Relay Node (RN). Relay nodes can also be used to spread out the cell coverage and increase the coverage outside main area (e.g. at cell edge). The two major challenges addressed in this c ontext are maintaining the throughput and ensure a seamless mobility and service continuity to all UEs. Hence, the objective of this paper is to develop, implement, and evaluate intelligent algorithms for next generation wireless communications systems with focus on throughput and service continuity. Specifically, the paper mainly addresses to the following aspects: Relaying in heterogeneous network, resources and mobility management. The rest of the paper is arranged as follows. Firstly, the overview of fixed and mobile relay system is given is Section II. In Section III, the paper presents a Handoff Analysis. Section IV presents a system level simulation and results. The paper concludes with section V. II. FIXED AND MOBILE RELAY SYSTEMS OVERVIEW A. Background

Culture Aspect of Childbirth and Parenting Essay

Culture Aspect of Childbirth and Parenting - Essay Example There are so many dimensions to it that studying its dynamics could provide deep insights for health care professionals. This paper will examine the case of child birth and care in Kalahari, South Africa. It is expected that the discourse can further highlight the argument that the idiosyncrasies in various culture are especially prominent in pregnancy, child birth and parenting and that an understanding of such could empower health care professionals to be effective especially in decision-making stage when working with a highly diverse population. Kalahari is a region in southern Africa that covers parts of South Africa, Botswana, Angola, Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The Bushmen have thrived in the region for at least 20,000 years. Children and parenting among them are treated much the same way in Western societies. Babies are indulged and cared for until their survival is ensured. Sigelman and Rider (2011) noted that â€Å"babies are touched 70% of daytime hours, are breast-fed w henever they want (usually 20-40 times a day), and may not be weaned until the age of 4.† (p. 124) The way mothers and families rear their young – with the attention and importance given to this enterprise - is fundamentally the same with how Western communities and families care for their children. They are loved, protected and provided for. The Bushmen, however, practices a unique birthing culture. A very important aspect of it is how the Kalahari women aspire and value the manner of giving birth to her child unaided. At least this has been true in the case of the Bushmen tribe of Ju|’hoansi. According to Selin (2009), this is quite common across this group because solitary child birth is widely seen as an opportunity to prove one’s worth as it is considered part of the rites of passage wherein women can display their ability for self-control, in addition to the ritualistic beliefs entailed in ethnic rites of passage. (p. 17) The implication of this cult ural practice is that it exposes mothers and infants to several risk factors; the most serious of these is death. This practice appears so different from the Western idea about the entire birthing process. In most western societies such as in the United States, pregnancy and child birth is an opportunity for family, relatives and friends to lend support. They are equated with the procreation processes and, hence, are extremely important for many individuals beyond the family. In addition, anthropologists consider kinship relationships in the West as fundamentally connected with acts of birth and human understanding of procreation. (Stone 2009) And so pregnancy and birthing are considered an event of extreme interest. Rites, beliefs, myths, among other cultural practices that our community have made all feature the requirement of support and closer ties. It is normal for us to see assistance, especially those by women who possess authoritative knowledge on the process, as one with gr eat survival value for birthing mothers. This is the reason why today both the health professional such as the doctor or the midwife are actual partners in the pregnancy and the birthing enterprise. Another interesting aspect about child birth in Kalahari is the environment. Desert covers much of the area and this claimed an important impact in the childbirth beliefs and behaviors of the Bushmen. Unlike in our society, for instance, the Bushmen did not have the luxury of water for birthing. Women